EVALUATION OF THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FULLFAT SOYBEAN FOR CHICKENS
EVALUATION OF THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FULLFAT SOYBEAN FOR CHICKENS
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Date
1984-09
Authors
OFFIONG, SAMUEL ASUQUO
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Abstract
Experiments were designed and conducted to study the nutritive
value of full fat soybean for chickens. The study examined the
utilization of raw, roasted, autoclaved and cooked full fat soybean by
broiler chickens and the utilization of raw and cooked full fat soybean
by pullets and laying chickens.
Results showed that broiler chickens fed rations containing full fat
soybean cooked in boiling water or autoclaved for 30 minutes at 15 lb
pressure per square inch (p.s.i) i.e. 1.0546 kg/cm2, grew more rapidly
than chicks fed rations containing raw full fat soybean. Autoclaving
or cooking full fat soybeans for 30 minutes in boiling water was more
beneficial than roasting or cooking for 15 minutes. No further
advantage was obtained by cooking full fat soybean for 45 minutes.
Older chicks between the ages of 6-9 weeks were more able to utilize
raw, roasted or full fat soybean cooked for only 15 minutes in boiling
water.
The rations which contained raw full fat soybean caused significant
enlargement of the pancreas. Cooking for 30 or 45 minutes in boiling
water or autoclaving for 30 minutes at 15 lbs p.s.i. reduced the effect
on the pancreas. The feeding of raw, roasted or full fat soybean cooked
for 15 minutes had no significant effect on the relative weights of
the heart, liver and the spleen or on the relative weights of the
thyroid.
Elimination of maize by increasing the level of full fat soybean
to serve as main energy source in the ration, tended to lower the
metabolizable energy of such rations and when fed, resulted in reduced
growth performance. Results indicated that although adequately cooked
full fat soybean could replace commercial soybean meal in the rations
of chicks, provided such rations were adequate in ME and protein, it
could not probably replace maize completely without adversely affecting
growth rate and efficiency of feed utilization.
The use of fullfat soybean in the rations for pullets indicated
that raw or cooked fullfat soybean could be used in the rations to
raise egg type pullets from 8-20 weeks of age without adversely
affecting body weight and feed intake. However, when the rations
were formulated with fullfat soybean level as high as 37.00% to replace
maize as energy source, the ME of such rations became suboptimal.
The protein tended to be higher than normal for pullets. Feeding of
such rations resulted in reduction of body weight and resulted in
delay in onset of laying.
The inclusion of raw fullfat soybean at 20.40% level in the rations
of laying chickens did not significantly affect egg production, egg
weight or mortality. However, attempts to use full fat soybean to
replace maize as energy source resulted in reduction of ME content
of the ration. Feeding of such rations containing either raw or cooked
fullfat soybean reduced egg production and raised age at 50% production.
Results indicated that although cooked or raw full fat soybean could
replace commercial soybean meal in iso-caloric equi-protein rations of
laying birds, it probably cannot replace maize in the rations without
adversely affecting performance of the birds
Description
Thesis
Submitted to the Post-graduate School, Ahmadu Bello
University, Zaria, in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
in Animal Science.
Department of Animal Science,
Faculty of Agriculture,
Ahmadu Bello University,
Zaria.
September, 1984.
Keywords
EVALUATION,, NUTRITIONAL,, FULLFAT,, SOYBEAN FOR CHICKENS