SEROPREVALENCE OF BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA
SEROPREVALENCE OF BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2011-05
Authors
HAMZA, Isa Mohammed
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Abstract
A total of 540 sera and 162 milk samples were obtained from 540 cattle in 90 herds from 9 of the 16 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Taraba State. The 540 serum samples were screened for Brucella abortus antibodies using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). Out of these, 80 (14.8%) were positive for the test and were further subjected to Indirect- ELISA Test which gave 69 (12.8%) positives as confirmatory. The confirmation rate by IELISA was 86.3% (69/80). The overall individual animal and herd prevalences for Brucella agglutinins in milk was 9.9% (16/162) and 16.7% (15/90) respectively, using the Milk Ring Test (MRT). Of the 376 female and 164 male cattle tested, 42 (11.2%) and 27 (16.5%) were positive for brucellosis respectively. The difference in the infection rates were statistically significantly higher in males than in females (df = 1, X2 =4.51, Odds ratio 1.57, CI: 0.93 -2.64 P<0.05). The result also showed age – based prevalence rate of 24.9% in cattle older than 3 years compared to 7.1% in age group below 3 years old. The difference in infection rates between the age-groups was statistically significant (df = 1, X2 =33.32, Odds ratio 0.23, CI: 0.14 - 0.39 P<0.05). An overall individual animal prevalence of 2.8% (69/2475) and overall herd prevalence rate of 61.11% (55/90) were obtained. There were differences in infection rates between LGAs with highest prevalence obtained in Takum 20% (12/60) and the least in Zing 5.0% (3/60). Questionnaire on brucellosis awareness among herdsmen and butchers, showed only 22.2% (22/99) had knowledge of brucellosis. Of all the herds studied, none had ever been vaccinated against brucellosis and 9% of 99 respondents said they experienced retained placenta in their cattle. It was concluded that an overall seroprevalence of 12.8% and 16.7% of bovine brucellosis in Taraba State was determined during the study in both serum and milk respectively. There was general poor knowledge and awareness of brucellosis among stakeholder; this is of public health concern. A control policy for this disease is recommended in Taraba State particularly in occupationally risk groups. Further work is required in the areas of isolation and characterization of the organism responsible for brucellosis in Taraba State.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLOUNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
SEROPREVALENCE,, ARABA STATE,, NIGERIA., BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS,