STUDIES ON BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorMOHAMMED, FAROUK UMAR
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-30T09:22:43Z
dc.date.available2015-11-30T09:22:43Z
dc.date.issued2015-08
dc.descriptionSTUDIES ON BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA By Farouk Umar MOHAMMED, DVM (UDUS, 1994) M.Sc. (ABU, 2007) PhD/Vet-Med/10750/07/08 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN VETERINARY MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA AUGUST, 2015en_US
dc.description.abstractA serological and bacteriological study of Brucella infection in cattle was carried out in Jigawa State Nigeria in order to determine the seroprevalence, identify isolates and assess factors responsible for the introduction, maintenance and spread of the Brucella infection in cattle herds in selected Local Government Areas of Jigawa State. The study employed Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and Serum Agglutination test (SAT) as screening tests and Complement Fixation test (CFT) as a confirmatory test. Brucella organisms were isolated using cultural methods and biochemical tests were used to identify Brucella species. Milk Ring (MRT) and Whey Agglutination tests (WAT) were used to screen milk samples. Questionnaires were used to identify presence of exposure factors to Brucella species. From the results of the study, 93 (4.98%), 83(4.44%) and 68(3.64%) out of the 1867 serum samples were positive with RBPT, SAT and CFT tests respectively. There was a strong degree of agreement between the screening and the confirmatory tests as indicated by Kappa value of 0.926 0.846 and 0.827. Prevalence of Brucella antibodies in the study herds indicated that 30 out of the 147 herds sampled were positive using RBPT, SAT and CFT tests, with an individual animal prevalence (IAP) ranging from 0 to 18.6% and a within herd prevalence (WHP) from 0 to 57.14% based on the CFT tests. The overall herd prevalence in the study based on the confirmatory test was 20.40 % (30/147). The results of Milk samples screened by MRT and WAT tests showed that 0.5% (5/869) and 0.72% (2/274) tested positive with the two different tests respectively. The results also showed that prevalence of Brucella infection was higher among female cattle 3.4% (70/2053) than males 0.52% (5/957) in all the study herds. The rate of seropositivity was highest among cattle of age group 37-72 months, 4.55% (37/813). Foreign breeds presented higher seropositivity of 3.2% viii (8/249) than the local breeds 2.4% (67/2746). A total of 900 milk, 460 vaginal swabs, 325 prepucial swabs, 14 placentae, 11 stomach contents, 11 spleen and 11 liver samples were cultured for Brucella isolation. Two isolates were obtained, one each from placenta and vaginal swabs of Friesian and Bunaji cattle in the North Central and North West Senatorial Zones. Biochemical characterization of the isolates indicated that they were both Brucella abortus. From the study all the herd owners interviewed were aware of brucellosis as a disease entity with the local name Bakkale, but they differed in ways of recognizing it. The results also showed that 66 % (98/147) of herd owners used a local herb “Madaci” for treatment of Brucella infection, while 33.3% (49/147) utilize veterinary services. The study also indicated that none of the herds were vaccinated against brucellosis. Assessment of exposure factors responsible for introducing, maintaining and spread of Brucella infection between and within herds in the study areas indicated that there was statistical association between migration, hygiene practices, raising multiple species, housing, extensive husbandry system and natural breeding using bulls with prevalence of Brucella infection (P< 0.05). In conclusion the isolation of two Brucella abortus species and evidence of Brucella infection in the study herds has demonstrated that Brucella exists among cattle in the State. It was hereby recommended that cattle owners should be educated on the various methods of preventing and controlling brucellosis in the State. ,en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7234
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectSTUDIESen_US
dc.subjectBRUCELLOSISen_US
dc.titleSTUDIES ON BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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