THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF ANTIPYRINE
THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF ANTIPYRINE
No Thumbnail Available
Date
1999-04
Authors
OBIAKO, ONYEADUMARAKWE REGINALD
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Alcohol-Drug/Food interaction is a common pharmacokinetic interaction that can cause
inter-individual variability in drug kinetics and response by influencing hepatic drug
metabolism and related factors. This study was aimed at establishing the influence of
alcohol on the pharmacokinetics of antipyrine which has often been used as an index of
hepatic metabolising capacity of the individual tested.
Eleven healthy Nigerian adult male alcohol consumers, aged 18 - 32 years, and
weighing 60 - 80kg, were each given 500mg antipyrine tablets orally. Blood samples
were then collected from each subject at times 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0,
10.0, 12.0, and 15.0 hours. Plasma antipyrine was extracted by admixing the plasma
with methanol and distilled water, centrifugation and filtration. The antipyrine
concentrations were then determined by injecting the filtrates into HPLC using
reversed phase Bondesil CI8 (0.5um) column, with benzoic acid as internal standard
and acetonitrile: acetic acid (1% in water) 35: 65 as mobile phase.
The pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine in these subjects were compared with
those in a comparable group of non-alcohol consumers (the control) using the
Students' "t" test with the following findings: P < 0.05 in the values of the
elimination rate constant, the elimination half-life, the systemic (plasma) clearance,
the lag time, the area under the drug concentration-time curve (zero to 15 hours and
zero to infinity respectively) and the time to attain peak drug concentration. Other
pharmacokinetic parameters such as the volume of distribution, the peak plasma drug
concentration, the extrapolated plasma drug concentration at zero time, the absorption
rate constant and the absorption half life were not significant different in the two
populations (P> 0.05).
The precision of the method used in the study was checked by manual Peak Height (PH)
method of quantitation with precision of 1.1 - 5.5%. This study also showed that
alcohol enhances the elimination of antipyrine from the body by increasing its systemic
clearance and decreasing its elimination half-life. The results also showed that alcohol
does not significantly affect the absorption and distribution of antipyrine in the body
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL.
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY. ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PHARMACOLOGY
Keywords
INFLUENCE, ALCOHOL, PHARMACOKINETICS, ANTIPYRINE