EFFECTS OF FEEDING GRADED LEVELS OF PALM KERNEL MEAL (PKM) IN BROILER CHICKEN DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH MAXIGRAIN® ENZYME.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING GRADED LEVELS OF PALM KERNEL MEAL (PKM) IN BROILER CHICKEN DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH MAXIGRAIN® ENZYME.
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Date
2007-11
Authors
MAJIYEBO, ESUGA,
PHILIP.
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Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding graded levels of PKM in
broiler chicken diets supplemented with or without Maxigrain® enzyme on the
performance of broiler chickens. The first study is on nutrient retention, where
eighty one (81) day old chicks of the Arbor Acres strain were randomly allotted to
nine (9) isonitrogeneous dietary treatments with three replicates and three birds
each in metallic cages. The PKM was included at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% levels
while PKM treated with Maxigrain® was included at 10, 20, 30, and 40% levels.
Results show that there was significant (P<0.001) differences in protein, fat, NFE
and metabolizable energy retention in birds fed the control and Maxigrain® treated
diets than those on diets without Maxigrain®. The second study was conducted to
evaluate the effects of PKM in broiler diets treated with or without Maxigrain®. Four
hundred and five (405) day old chicks of the Arbor Acres strain were randomly
allotted to nine (9) isonitrogeneous dietary treatments where PKM was treated with
Maxigrain® prior to its inclusion in the diets. The PKM was included in the diets as
in the first study on nutrient retention. The results indicated that Maxigrain®
treatment of PKM improved the utilization of PKM, improved feed: gain ratio and
reduced the cost of production. The effects of PKM treated with or without
Maxigrain® on broiler performance did not show any superiority over the control
diet. The inclusion of PKM even at 40% with or without Maxigrain® attained a final
weight above 1.5kg at 8 weeks. Therefore, PKM inclusion at 10, 20, 30, and 40% levels did not have any
deleterious effect on broiler performance and health. The dressed weight (g),
abdominal fat, pancreas and spleen were significantly (P<0.001) different across
the dietary treatments. The percentage neck, breast and the intestines were also
significantly (P<0.05) different across diets but no clear trends were established.
The third study was conducted to evaluate the effects of PKM in broiler diets
supplemented with or without Maxigrain®. Four hundred and five (405) day old
chicks of the Arbor Acres broiler strain were randomly allotted to nine
isonitrogeneous diets. The Maxigrain® was added to the already formulated diets
at 0.01% to four of the nine diets. The PKM was included in the diets at the same
levels as in the first study on nutrient retention. The results indicate that
supplementation of PKM with or without Maxigrain® on broiler performance shows
that the inclusion of PKM up to 20% with Maxigrain® was superior to the control
diet and it is therefore recommended for optimum performance of broiler chickens.
Description
A Thesis Submitted to the Postgraduate School, Ahmadu Bello
University Zaria in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
the degree of Master of Science.
Keywords
EFFECTS ,, FEEDING GRADED,, D LEVELS,, PALM KERNEL,, MEAL (PKM),, MEAL (PKM),, BROILER CHICKEN,, DIETS SUPPLEMENTED ,, WITH MAXIGRAIN,, ENZYME.