EVALUATION OF RICE MILL BY-PRODUCT IN SWINE RATIONS
EVALUATION OF RICE MILL BY-PRODUCT IN SWINE RATIONS
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Date
1986-06
Authors
SAMUEL, TIJANI OMALE ATTAH
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Abstract
Three studies were conducted to evaluate the utilization
of rice mill by-product using soyabean meal and groundnut cake
as protein supplements in the diets of pigs. In the first
trial, eighteen (18) crossbred (Large White X Landrace) pigs
with average initial weight of 35.9 kg were fed rice by-product
at 0, 5 or 10 percent of the 15 percent crude protein diet.
Treatments were randomly assigned to each pen of pig in 6
replications. During the 14.2-day trial period, average daily
feed (ADF) increased linearly (P/ 0.01) and a quadratic
(P/ 0.01) increase was observed for average daily gain (ADG).
Feed per unit gain, increased with increasing level of rice
by-product.
In the second trial lasting 28 days, twelve (12) crossbred
(Hampshire X Yorkshire X Landrace) barrows and gilts of
average initial weight of 16.5kg were used for digestibility
balance trials. Rice by-product was fed at O, 10, 20 or 30
percent of the 18 percent crude protein diet. All pigs were
fed at I4. percent and or 6 percent body weight daily. Rice
by-product diets fed to the growing pigs depressed gains and
feed to gain ratios but did not affect average daily feed
intake (ADF). Digestion coefficients for dry matter (DM), N
and energy decreased linearly with increasing level of rice
by-product. Digestible energy (DE) values of the diets
decreased linearly with increasing levels of rice by-product.
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in the third trial, twenty four (24) growing-finishing
(Landrace x Large White X Hampshire) pigs (barrows and gilts) of
average initial weight of 3 5.5 kg liveweight were fed for 56 days
with graded levels of rice by-product to test its effects on
performance and carcass characteristics. Rice by-product replaced
0, 15, 30 or 45% of the maize in iso-nitrogenous pig finisher
diets. Animals were slaughtered in three sequential groups
beginning with the first two replicates.
Performance data was based on 56 days while animals were
on the experimental diets prior to slaughter. Carcass measurements
were taken. Results showed significant differences among
treatments with respect to average daily gain (ADG), efficiency of
feed utilization and carcass weight, but the average daily feed
(ADP) and digestible energy intakes were not significantly affected
during the period. Generally, pigs on the control diet , tended
to perform better than those on rice by-product diets, but the
differences were not always statistically significant. Carcass
quality measurements did not show significant differences among
treatment means, but there was a tendency towards lower fat plus
skin measurements and higher lean parameters as the levels of
rice by-product increased in the diets. It is suggested that
rice by-product can be economically used to replace the more
expensive maize component at most up to 30 percent level tested
in this trial without adversely depressing the performance of
growing-finishing pigs.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
JUNE, 1986
Keywords
RICE MILL,, EVALUATION,, BY-PRODUCT,, SWINE RATIONS